The papers presented at the Meeting are listed below, linked to an abstract of the paper. In the future it will be possible to request a copy of each paper while reading the abstract.
#870 Production of Liquid Sugars from Fine Liquor in the Refinery
#871 Optimisation of the Use of Thermostable Enzyme in Carbonatation Refineries - a Practical Approach
#872 Results and Benefits of Fully Automated Batch Crystallization Processes in Refinery and White Sugar Applications Worldwide; Examples of Recently Realized Projects
#873 Influence of Reduced Temperature During Evaporation and Crystallisation on the Sugar Quality
#874 Improvement of Coarse Crystal Quality at United Sugar
#875 Thoughts on Refinery Boiling Schemes
#876 Symposium - [NO ABSTRACTS]
#877 Continuous Crystallization of Refined Sugar – Present Situation and Concepts for the Future
#878 Migration Concepts for Aging Control Systems in the Light of Modern System Architectures Including Field and IT Levels of Sugar Factories
#879 Implementing Enterprise Asset Management Solutions in the Sugar Industry : From Compliance to Performance
#880 Understanding and Controlling Color Development in Mills and Refineries
#881 Conversion of a Plantation White Sugar Factory into Integrated Refinery
#882 Recent Developments in Microwave Measurement Technology
#883 Medium Voltage Drives in Sugar Industries
#884 Plate Falling Firm Evaporators
#885 Energy Consumption For The Cooling of Crystal Sugar Using The Bulkflow Heat Exchanger
#886 Supply of Four (4) Single Stage Centrifugal Steam Compressors for Al Khaleej Sugar Co.
#887 Refinery Energy Improvement: Practical Energy Reductions in Sugar Refining
#888 Vacuum Pan Monitoring by Mass Balance and Image Analysis Methods
#889 Development of Sugar Based Animal Feed Supplements
#890 Utilization of Infrared Images to Inspect C Massecuite Processing
#891 White Sugar Silos _ 85,000 ton content
#892 Heat Balance with Maximum Cogeneration in a Cane Sugar Factory with Integrated Refinery
#893 Automated Cooling & Condensing System
#894 Update on Utilisation of Microwave Concentration Measurement
#895 Space Frame Structures for Raw Sugar Stores
#870 PRODUCTION OF LIQUID SUGARS FROM FINE LIQUOR IN THE REFINERY
Xavier Lancrenon and Dominique Paillat, Applexion S.A., Epone, France
The authors describe the advantages of the production of liquid sugars directly from the fine liquor of the refinery. Using ion exchange refining, it is possible to produce high quality liquid sugars, without crystallization, suitable for the Food Industry markets :
liquid sucrose
medium or total invert liquid sugar
The advantages for the refinery are obvious:
The low temperature regeneration process has been demonstrated on actual samples of sugar decolorization activated carbon. The results of those studies will be presented, in addition to a review of the overall low temperature regeneration process, the current understanding of the regeneration mechanism and current state of commercial development.
#871 OPTIMISATION OF THE USE OF THERMOSTABLE ENZYME IN CARBONATATION REFINERIES - A PRACTICAL APPROACH
A.S. Vawda, Booker-Tate Ltd., Thame, England, F. Al Wagdani and A. Hameed, United Sugar Company, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Carbonatation refineries across the world suffer filtration problems when encountering raw sugar with high starch levels. Refineries have successfully used a thermostable amylase enzyme (produced by Bacillus Lichenformis) to control the filtration difficulties. This paper attempts to characterize the effect of factory operating parameters and show where opportunities exist for optimizing the hydrolysis reaction. The effects and interaction effects of temperature, Brix, pH, starch and enzyme concentrations were determined in the laboratory and in factory scale operations.
#872 RESULTS AND BENEFITS OF FULLY AUTOMATED BATCH CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESSES IN REFINERY AND WHITE SUGAR APPLICATIONS, WORLD WIDE; EXAMPLES OF RECENTLY REALIZED PROJECTS
Bernd Langhans, Seimens AG Germany, Erlangen, Germany
Batch crystallization remains the key means of crystal formation in sugar factories world-wide. Despite all efforts for continuous applications batch processes remain the only reliable source of high quality crystals. Following this situation the demand for high quality process control is eminent. But what are the key parameters for successful implementation of such applications and how to calculate the possible RoI of such installations. Some examples for applications in different environments are given. Furthermore an outlook is given towards the needs of totally plant wide integrated control solutions, including possibilities which result out of management information systems.
#873 INFLUENCE OF REDUCED TEMPERATURE DURING EVAPORATION AND CRYSTALLISATION ON THE SUGAR QUALITY
Q. Smejkal, R. Schick and L. G. Fleischer, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
The reaction kinetics of a colour formation in the technical sucrose solutions in a temperature range between 50 and 130 degrees C was studied. The aim of the contribution is to discuss the consequences and benefits of reduced temperature in evaporation and crystallization on the sugar quality and corresponding energy requirement for the sugar production in the industrial scale.
The evaluation of the process flow sheet was based on the process simulation. It was found, that the decreasing of maximal juice temperature in the first evaporation to 110 degrees C does not increase energy (steam) consumption. On the other hand side, the temperature reduction results in extended demand on the heat-exchange area in evaporation and on the capacity of crystallisers.
The last results show, that the lower colour formation during the evaporation and crystallization can improve the quality of produced sugar and moreover, simplify the process scheme in the crystallisation.
#874 IMPROVEMENT OF COARSE CRYSTAL QUALITY AT UNITED SUGAR
A. S. Vawda, Booker-Tate Ltd, Thame, England, K. Bahakeem and A. E. Muneef, United Sugar Company, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
A significant percentage of refined sugar sold in Saudi Arabia is coarse grain. This discerning market demands high quality sugar. Several problems were investigated and the paper reports on the following areas where improvements were made :
The effects of long boiling time at elevated temperatures, and the procedure for cutting across massecuites is discussed at length. The phenomenon of colour increase in silos is measured and the causes identified. Crystallization rate information was measured under different pan conditions and results are discussed.
#875 THOUGHTS ON REFINERY BOILING SCHEMES
Phil Thompson, Paul Fry, and Nirmal Hasrajani, Sugar Knowledge International Ltd., London, England
The traditional refinery boiling schemes evolved in large standalone refineries selling a range of sugar products. Smaller refineries, converted beet factories and refineries with continuous pans have adopted different boiling schemes to suit their particular circumstances. For a refinery producing a single refined sugar product on the small to medium scale it appears that the traditional sequence boiling approach is no longer the most appropriate, particularly as unit sizes of equipment such as vacuum pans and centrifugals have increased over the years.
This paper looks at the choice of boiling scheme with a systematic approach, using Sugars ™ software to produce heat and mass balances for each option to allow objective comparison. The key parameters that determine yield and energy consumption are highlighted and discussed. Some interesting ideas about the optimum placement of secondary decolourisation processes are also developed in the paper.
#876 SYMPOSIUM - A: RAW SUGAR QUALITY- No abstracts at this time
#877 CONTINUOUS CRYSTALLIZATION OF REFINED SUGAR – PRESENT SITUATION AND CONCEPTS FOR THE FUTURE
Reinhold Hempelmann, BMA, Braunschweig, Germany
Continuous crystallizers equipped with mechanical agitation systems have the advantage that they can be operated at very low temperature differences. The equipment for evaporation and crystallization can thus be designed to provide several options for reduced energy consumption. One of these is double-effect evaporation : the vapour from one crystallization step is used as heating steam for another crystallization step. Especially with increasing capacities, applications in refineries became of great interest for modern energy concepts including opportunity and realization of concepts with pan vapour recompression.
The paper will give a survey of the operating conditions and improvements in actual installations of Al Khaleej Sugar Co., Dubai and Malayan Sugar Manufacturing Co. Bhd. (MSM), Malaysia. New projects for refined sugar will be presented and concepts for the future will be discussed. The paper will also present the options and restrictions of crystallization schemes available for given final crystal sizes.
#878 MIGRATION CONCEPTS FOR AGING CONTROL SYSTEMS IN THE LIGHT OF MODERN SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES INCLUDING FIELD AND IT LEVELS OF SUGAR FACTORIES
Bernd Langhans and Sven Benseler, Siemens AG Germany, Erlangen, Germany
With the first generation of plantwide control systems coming into age more and more sugar producing companies face a new challenge in the never ending struggle for higher performance. With the new possibilities which normally come with new generations of control systems decision have to be taken, which will effect the overall plant performance over a period of more then 10 years. The paper gives an overview of the current situation and how to find ways for proper decisions using plantwide totally integrated automation solutions.
#879 IMPLEMENTING ENTERPRISE ASSET MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS IN THE SUGAR INDUSTRY : FROM COMPLIANCE TO PERFORMANCE
Claude-Henri Weiller, Datastream, Suresnes, France
With the continuing wave of industry consolidation, Sugar companies have become managers of vast, globally dispersed, physical manufacturing assets. Clearly, there are many revenue risks and opportunities associated with managing the performance and regulatory compliance of Sugar manufacturing assets on a global basis. Fortunately, there are new Enterprise Asset Management (EAM) tools that address the specific needs of Sugar Producers to meet regulatory requirements, ensure operating efficiency and avoid production losses for approved products.
Fundamental EAM system requirements to provide global visibility and asset management functionality for all industry segments are:
The Sugar industry adds several specific requirements such as seasonality of the sugar campaigns that make the workload of the facilities highly specific, and drive an unbalanced timetable between corrective maintenance and planned interventions according to the period of the year. The highest level of reliability and availability of the production means is required during the Sugar campaign, and planned downtime must be efficiently used. The polyvalence of the shifts between maintenance and production staff is also a variable that no Asset Manager can ignore.
This provides the cost saving benefits of deploying an enterprise solution from a single location while providing organisation specific data without complex, customised programming. By having a single database supporting the asset management effort, an enterprise has the ability to assemble consolidated views of manufacturing asset performance, maintenance effectiveness and costs while facilitating diverse asset and maintenance management programs.
The challenge of minimising production risk and maximising the operating efficiency of globally dispersed manufacturing assets is addressed by new EAM tools.
#880 UNDERSTANDING AND CONTROLLING COLOR DEVELOPMENT IN MILLS AND REFINERIES
Mary An Godshall, Sugar Processing Research Institute Inc., New Orleans, LA, USA
Control and removal of color has been the continuing goal of sugar production. Refineries have mostly perfected the art/science of color removal, but the process is capital and equipment intensive, and, in order to simplify the process, have required that more of the color removal work be done by the mills producing the raw sugar they buy. Color can be controlled in a variety of ways :
Today, there is a lot of interest is making high quality white sugar at the mill. In the end, creative combinations of several of the above processes will lead to better control of color.
#881 CONVERSION OF A PLANTATION WHITE SUGAR FACTORY INTO INTEGRATED REFINERY
Dr. G.S.C. Rao, A.K. Srivastava, K. Surest Babu and P. Rangarao, Simbhaoli Sugar Works Refinery, Uttar Pradesh, India
The Sugar Industry in India falls in a wide age group of 5-100 years. As far as the adoption of new designs of machinery and equipment is concerned, many factories have replaced their old and obsolete equipment but the process of sugar manufacture remains the double sulphitation process for the production of plantation white sugar. Simbhaoli Sugar Mills, a 70 years old company, thoroughly studied the demerits of the double sulphitation process like high scaling in the heat exchangers, high inversion losses, high corrosion in the plant and machinery and poor keeping quality of sugar and then decided to switch over to Raw Refined route of producing Refined and white sugar during the crop year 2003-2004. As in our area of Western Uttar Pradesh the fiber content is just 12.0-13.5%, we have to keep the steam consumption below 45-46% so that some surplus bagasse is available for running the adjoining co-generation facility of our distillery unit. The additional steam demand for the new process was evaluated and measures were taken to keep the steam consumption below 46%. With an average fiber of 13% on cane the bagasse saving is 2.5 - 3% with 280-300% imbibition on fiber and converting total raw sugar produced as refined sugar and white sugar. This paper compares the two processes, measures taken to reduce the additional demand of steam and also our experiences of operating the adopted process for the last two seasons.
#882 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN MICROWAVE MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY
H. Springer and K.-H. Theisen, pro-M-tec Theisen GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany
The microwave concentration measurement is one of the most modern technologies used in industry for process measurement and control. Measurement systems are successfully employed for Brix control on pans and pipelines in the sugar making process. Recent developments allow the technology to be applied to virtually all measurement points requiring the process variable determination and control of concentration, density, or total solids in sugar plants. The microwave measurement system is calibrated and the process variable is displayed in the specific, required units, e.g. Brix. Concentration measurements in larger pipelines and measurements requiring high resolution form part of the new scope of microwave measurement applications. Microwave technology thereby offers a true alternative to other measurement principles throughout the sugar making process, overcoming many of their limitations and concerns.
This paper discusses the technical aspects, considerations and advantages of the employment of microwave technology for the measurement and control of concentration and density (and their derived units, e.g. Brix) in the various sugar plant processes. Comparisons are made to other measurement principles like high frequency sensors, conductivity probes, refractometers, radiometric and ultrasound measurements. Specific measurement applications in the sugar making process are discussed and their measurement arrangements are shown.
#883 MEDIUM VOLTAGE DRIVES IN SUGAR INDUSTRIES
Dr. Gerald Scheuer, Thomas Schmager, ABB Switzerland, Ltd. and L. C. Krishnan, Al Khaleej Sugar Refinery, Dubai, UAE
The paper shall give an overview of why Electrical Variable Speed Drives (EVSD) are used and the benefits in Al Khaleej Sugar Refinery; EVSD is used for the transport and controlling of liquid, gas and solids; pumps for transferring liquor with, (a) Controlled Flow Rate, (b) Controlled Pressure, (c) Controlled Level in the vessel. EVSD for such requirements contribute to very high energy savings making it the most economical and efficient control method; Belt conveyors for transporting solids, for easy management and very precise control.
EVSD is used with boilers to generate high pressure steam for electrical power generation and low pressure steam for heat exchangers. The steam consumption varies depending on the demand, the boiler has to accommodate this variation by controlling the fuel and air. In-order to achieve this with better performance. EVSD are used for Boiler I.D & F.D Fans and Boiler Feed Pumps. Similarly in the centrifuge application (Heart of Sugar Refining), for the batch centrifugal speed control at Al Khaleej Sugar is equipped with EVSD in all such applications for the past ten years.
As a part of improvement, the installation of Mechanical Vapour Compressors (MVR) to reuse waste vapour, is the ongoing project which uses EVSD as a Soft Starting device for 4000KW motors and associated Compressor with very high Inertia, without impact to the power supply grid, such as inrush current etc. This method will be described in detail. EVDS Technologies describe topologies, power ranges and speeds, efficiency, reliability and references.
#884 PLATE FALLING FIRM EVAPORATORS
Peter Toebe and Joachim Braasch, GEA Ecoflex GmbH, Oberhausen, Germany
The process of evaporation has been one of the key unit operations in sugar production technology since its early stages. In all diversified societies of sugar application, whether they are beet and cane sugar, or raw and refined sugar, the energy-intensive process of evaporation has been a continuous subject for examination, research and enhancement. Analysis of new developments and, more importantly, well-documented experiences with advanced equipment in situ have made this achievement possible.
Plate falling film evaporation constitutes the very recent step further in developing the technology of the evaporation process. This step onto an advanced technology comprises more than a change of the heating surface from tube to plate. The modification of the mechanical design has got substantial effects on the thermodynamics of this process.
First installations of this technology were realized in the beet sugar industry throughout Europe 13 years ago. References in the cane sugar industry have followed for 5 years successfully worldwide, and the installation in the refining industry is at its take off. This paper will give a general view and introduction into design criteria and features of plate falling film evaporators. Efficiency coefficients, capacity considerations and product quality are key words which outline the distinction to previous evaporation technologies.
#885 ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR THE COOLING OF CRYSTAL SUGAR USING THE BULKFLOW HEAT EXCHANGER
Ing. J-M Reichling, Bulkflow Technologies, Inc., Calgary, Canada
In order to cool the crystal sugar before storage or packaging, the sugar plant or the refinery has a choice of various technologies: Rotary Drum; Multi-Tube Drum, Fluid Bed or Bulkflow Plate Cooler.
The Bulkflow Sugar Cooler is a simple piece of equipment which combines indirect heat transfer (by conduction) with mass flow of Bulk solids. The equipment consists of a bank of vertical, closely spaced, hollow, stainless steel plates. The sugar flows slowly by gravity between the plates in mass flow. Cooling water flows through the plates in counter-current for high thermal efficiency. A vibrating feeder at the bottom of the unit assures that mass flow is achieved and controls the throughput of sugar.
We will examine the various available cooling technologies from an energy consumption point of view and look at the factors which contribute most to energy savings during this process.
Case study: Refinery of RAR in Porto. What was the target; what were the available solutions, what was the more efficient solution in term of energy consumption.
#886 SUPPLY OF FOUR SINGLE STAGE CENTRIFUGAL STEAM COMPRESSORS FOR AL KHALEEJ SUGAR CO.
Virgil Dudgeon, GEEnergy, Mark W. Messer, G E Oil& Gas Inc. and L. C. Krishnan, Al Khaleej Sugar Co., Dubai, UAE
Recently, Al Khaleej Sugar and GE Oil & Gas worked together on a vapour recovery project to design and manufacture single stage centrifugal compressors to operate in series at Al Khaleej Sugar Refinery in Dubai, UAE. The project required a collaborative effort between the parties bringing together GE's custom compressor design capability and Al Khaleej Sugar's unique application for vapour recovery. Although GE has extensive compressor experience in MVR service, most are single compressor applications. Designing four (4) motor driven compressors to operate in series at the high pressure ratios/high tip speeds proved to be an inviting engineering challenge. Areas of concern included the selection and sizing of each compressor, the materials of construction, the control and monitoring of the overall system and the layout of the compressors to optimize the plant arrangement.
The successful completion of the project gives Al Khaleej Sugar state-of-the-art equipment that achieves high performance with long term reliability.
#887 REFINERY ENERGY IMPROVEMENT: PRACTICAL ENERGY REDUCTIONS IN SUGAR REFINING
Peter Simpson, New Zealand Sugar Co., New Zealand
Energy reduction initiatives have been taken at three refineries in New Zealand and Australia. Each plant had different pressures influencing decision making, leading to a different approach at each plant. The key drivers have been rising energy costs, government policies on climate change and the need to increase refining capacity without investing additional boiler capacity. This paper summarizes a range of projects done in recent years and current initiatives.
#888 VACUUM PAN MONITORING BY MASS BALANCE AND IMAGE ANALYSIS METHODS
P. Martins, and F. Rocha, Department de Engenharia Quimica, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, and P. Rein, Audubon Sugar Institute, LSU Agricultural Center, St. Gabriel, La., USA
Sugar boiling experiments were carried out in a pilot vacuum pan at Audubon Sugar Institute (ASI) with the aim of studying two innovative methods on the process monitoring. Typical on-line data, such as, total dry solids concentration, massecuite level and massecuite temperature were used to determine, by mass balance, the evolution, throughout the boiling run, of the crystal content, crystals mean size, liquor purity and liquor non-sucrose to water ratio. The developed equations can be implemented for on-line monitoring of the parameters. Since the historical record of the required properties is not needed, the accumulation of systematic errors is prevented. In a different approach, in-situ images were captured and processed with the purpose of estimating the progress of the crystals mean size at the early stages of the strike. The results obtained by the two methods were compared, showing a good agreement both in the range of the crystals dimension as in the way it progresses.
#889 DEVELOPMENT OF SUGAR BASED ANIMAL FEED SUPPLEMENTS
P.G.K. John, Al Khaleej Sugar Co., Dubai, UAE
Molasses, the major by-product of sugar industry has been identified an important energy source for livestock. The sugar in molasses is fermented in the cattle rumen to yield ATP the energy bond and carbon molecule for microbial protein synthesis in rumen. Higher level of inorganic salts, mixing of indigestible poly sachharides (non identified organic matter) and high viscosity limited the utilization of molasses in animal feeds. However, sugar has been accepted as a better energy donor than starch in animal system. The recovery of high quality molasses will increase the energy value to 18MJ/kg from 9.5 MJ/kg for molasses on dry matter basis for animals.
The development of several feed supplements with the sugar runoff enhances the utilization of sugar energy in animal system. The supply of glucose at the intestine fortified with essential vitamins, minerals, amino acids and pro-biotics make the supplement more efficient in terms of growth rate, milk and meat production. The supplements developed are for poultry, horses, dairy calves, camel, goat and sheep, ostrich, turkey and dairy cattle. The sugar residues could be utilized for soil fertility, concrete setting, tiles manufacture and foundries. Evolving a new process to manufacture sugar for animals from runoff will go a long way in substituting grains for livestock feeding. Eventually, the development of value added products from the sugar residue will yield more revenue than from leaving the residue to the last stage mixed with more indigestible material.
#890 UTILIZATION OF INFRARED IMAGES TO INSPECT C MASSECUITE PROCESSING
Luis Bento, Audubon Sugar Institute, St. Gabriel, La., USA, Ting Wang, and Xiangchang Li, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, La.., USA, Adrian Monge, Cora Texas Mfg.Co. Inc. USA
To minimize sugar losses in molasses, C Massecuite, discharged from vacuum pans, is first cooled and then re-heated. The first step is processed in continuous cooling crystallizers, with a long residence time, in order to crystallize the maximum sucrose possible, from the syrup involving crystals. The second step is processed in continuous re-heaters and, in some mills, in the centrifugal distribution mixer. The objective of this re-heating is to decrease massecuite viscosity, in order to have an efficient molasses separation during centrifugation. These operations must be carried in narrow temperature limits to have maximum sucrose recovery during cooling, and to avoid sucrose dissolution during re-heating. Thermometers are used in proper places to make this control. However, temperature changes along the massecuite handling are not detected. Massecuite channeling can occur in cooling crystallizers. Local overheating in re-heaters or in centrifugal distributor can occur. These situations will increase sugar losses to molasses. An inspection with a high sensitivity Infrared (IR) camera can detect these anomalies. IR pictures taken in a Louisiana sugar mill are presented.
#891 WHITE SUGAR SILOS – 85,000 TON CONTENT
Hansjoachim Wunsch, IPRO Industriprojekt GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
The poster shows a white sugar silo which was erected for the German sugar industry twice.
The silo has a capacity of 85,000 tons. Its diameter is 46.5 m, the cylindrical height 54 m. The total height up to the top edge of the conical roof is nearly 70 m.
The silo is centrally charged using an elevator tower and a conveyer bridge. There is a discharge channel below the bottom of the silo.
Via several discharge holes the sugar is discharged through a conveyor channel. The silo is fully conditioned.
The total capital investment are 7.5 million Euros.
#892 HEAT BALANCE WITH MAXIMUM COGENERATION IN CANE SUGAR FACTORY WITH INTEGRATED REFINERY
Hansjoachim Wunsch, IPRO Industriprojekt GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
The case of a new raw cane sugar factory with an integrated refinery, designed for good heat economy and maximum cogeneration and working 300 days per year is examined. The poster shows that the high pressure boiler will generate 60 % steam on cane employing practically all the bagasse available.
The raw sugar manufacturing section of the factory requires only 25.14 % on cane of exhaust steam at 2.7 bar going to the first effect of the evaporator station. All steam consumers except for the last stage of clarified juice heating are heated with vapors from the different effects.
Thick juice leaves the evaporator station at 72 % rds for the sugar house.
The annexed refinery capacity requires 18.4 % on cane of exhaust steam, and 2.5 MW of electrical power.
The new factory and refinery require approx. 7.5 MW together, so that a surplus of 7.5 MW can be exported to the public grid.
#893 AUTOMATED COOLING AND CONDENSING SYSTEM
Vivek Verma, Spray Engineering, Chandigarh, India
Cooling and Condensing System consumes major of portion electrical power in the cane and beet processing plants. Power consumption varies from 2 to 10 kW-hr/ton of cane or beet. Sugar industry requires an efficient, robust and economical vacuum system. We redesigned entire system to make it energy efficient and reliable at low capital and maintenance cost.
Each pan and evaporator set is equipped with individual Jet Condensers with nozzle governing system and matching combined pumping system. New spray pond’s spraying system operating at 6 m pressure head in open compound provides coolest water in sugar industry where space is never a problem. We can also use a counter-flow cooling tower with close approach temperature requiring low static head. Automation of condensing system regulates water as per the vapour and non-condensable gas (NCG) load. This control reduces wastage of water and regulates vacuum and massecuite temperature.
Resultant power saving is important in cases where power balance of the plant is required or with co-generating plants. Our work in upgrading the vacuum system in various factories in India, Thailand, Guadeloupe, Vietnam, Uganda and Pakistan has been financially very attractive.
#894 UPDATE ON UTILISATION OF MICROWAVE CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENT
H. Springer and K.-H. Theisen, pro-M-tec Theisen GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany
The microwave concentration measurement is one of the most modern technologies used in industry for process measurement and control. Measurement systems are successfully employed for Brix control on pans and pipelines in the sugar making process. Recent developments allow the technology to be applied to virtually all measurement points requiring the process variable determination and control of concentration, density, or total solids in sugar plants. The microwave measurement system is calibrated and the process variable is displayed in the specific, required units, e.g. Brix. Concentration measurements in larger pipelines and measurements requiring high resolution form part of the new scope of microwave measurement applications. Microwave technology thereby offers a true alternative to other measurement principles throughout the sugar making process, overcoming many of their limitations and concerns.
This paper discusses the technical aspects, considerations and advantages of the employment of microwave technology for the measurement and control of concentration and density (and their derived units, e.g. Brix) in the various sugar plant processes. Comparisons are made to other measurement principles like high frequency sensors, conductivity probes, refractometers, radiometric and ultrasound measurements. Specific measurement applications in the sugar making process are discussed and their measurement arrangements are shown.
#895 SPACE FRAME STRUCTURES FOR RAW SUGAR STORES
R. C. Kurain, Rasana Engineering Co., UAE
RASANA ENGINEERING IND. CO.LLC. OF U.A.E. in collaboration with RASANA ANLIDA SPACEFRAME INT’L of Singapore have been executing major projects of Space Frame Silos, which are intended in the use of coal or sugar storage throughout Asia and the Middle East. Their professional technical staff has boosted their capability to develop structures as large as the one you witness today at Al Khaleej Sugar Factory premises.
Utilizing a very economical concept of construction impresses the Client not only from its economical point of view but also in its speed of execution while maintaining its stability and low maintenance cost.
Today RASANA ENGINEERING in collaboration with RASANA ANLIDA is working on different proposals in the line of sugar to help their Clients throughout the world in achieving their objectives.